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While the list of attractions is very wide; this article takes you on a journey through some of the must-visit places in Rwanda, presenting a combination of wildlife experiences, historical sites, and stunning landscapes that will leave every traveler in awe.

Volcanoes National Park: Home to the majestic mountain gorillas

At the heart of Rwanda’s tourism lies Volcanoes National Park, located in the northwest, near the border with Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo.

This park is the crown jewel of Rwanda, renowned for its population of endangered mountain gorillas, which has made the country a sought-after destination for wildlife lovers.

The park covers the slopes of the Virunga Mountains, home to a chain of dormant volcanoes including Karisimbi (the highest at 4,507 meters), Bisoke, Sabinyo, Gahinga, and Muhabura.

The experience of trekking through the dense rainforest, rich with the sounds of over 200 bird species and the rare golden monkeys, is something unique to this region.

The intimate encounter with the gorillas is not just a wildlife experience but a deeply moving and transformative moment for many visitors.

In addition to gorilla trekking, the park boasts several other attractions, including the Buhanga Eco-Park, an ancient forest with significant cultural heritage, and the Musanze Caves, formed millions of years ago from volcanic eruptions.

These unique geological formations further add to the allure of this natural wonder.

Volcanoes National Park covers the slopes of the Virunga Mountains, home to a chain of dormant volcanoes including Karisimbi.

Akagera National Park

For travelers craving the traditional African safari experience, Akagera National Park in the eastern part of the country offers an entirely different landscape.

This park, named after the Akagera River, is Rwanda’s only savannah reserve and is home to the Big Five—lions, leopards, rhinos, elephants, and buffalo.

The park has seen a resurgence in recent years, thanks to successful conservation efforts, and now hosts a wide array of wildlife, including giraffes, zebras, baboons, and antelope species.

One of the highlights of visiting Akagera is a boat trip on Lake Ihema, where travelers can observe large pods of hippos, Nile crocodiles, and a variety of waterbirds in their natural habitat.

The park’s stunning savannah plains, interspersed with lakes and wetlands, provide the perfect setting for game drives, whether self-guided or through a tour operator.

Akagera also offers night drives and camping experiences for those seeking deeper immersion into Rwanda’s wilderness.

Elephants are among the ‘Big Five’, visitors can see in Akagera National Park can.

Nyungwe National Park

Nyungwe National Park is one of Africa’s oldest and most pristine rainforests, located in the southwestern part of Rwanda.

Spanning over 1,019 square kilometers, Nyungwe is a treasure trove of biodiversity and is considered one of the most important forest conservation areas in the region.

Visitors can embark on chimpanzee trekking, one of the park’s star attractions, or encounter troops of the rare colobus monkeys, which are often seen leaping through the treetops.

For adventurous visitors, the park offers the famous Canopy Walk, a suspension bridge hanging high above the forest floor, providing breathtaking views of the jungle canopy.

Nyungwe is also known for its extensive network of hiking trails, some of which lead to beautiful waterfalls and panoramic viewpoints.

With its lush greenery and diverse fauna, this park is a paradise for nature lovers, birdwatchers, and those looking for a serene escape into the heart of Africa’s wilderness.

Visitors to Nyungwe National Park can enjoy a thrilling walk across a suspension bridge, suspended high above the forest floor, offering stunning views of the lush jungle canopy.

Gishwati-Mukura National Park

Situated in the western part of Rwanda, Gishwati-Mukura National Park is a relatively new addition to Rwanda’s network of protected areas.

Comprising two separate forests—Gishwati and Mukura—the park covers 34 square kilometers of lush terrain. The forests lie on the ridge that divides the Congo and Nile water catchment areas, contributing to the region’s unique biodiversity.

Gishwati-Mukura is home to a small population of chimpanzees, which live alongside golden monkeys and blue monkeys, making it a haven for primate enthusiasts.

The park also boasts an impressive birdlife, with over 200 species recorded, including several endemic to the Albertine Rift.

Visitors to this park can participate in community-based activities such as cultural performances, tea plantation tours, and learning from traditional healers who use medicinal plants found in the forests.

Situated in the western part of Rwanda, Gishwati-Mukura National Park is a relatively new addition to Rwanda’s network of protected areas.

The King’s Palace Museum: A step back in time

For those interested in Rwanda’s rich history, a visit to the King’s Palace Museum in Nyanza, Southern Province, is a must.

This museum offers an immersive experience into Rwanda’s pre-colonial monarchy, with a beautifully reconstructed royal palace that reflects the grandeur of the kingdom’s traditional architecture.

The palace is a thatched dwelling shaped like a beehive, offering a glimpse into how Rwanda’s kings lived before the colonial era.

For those interested in Rwanda’s history and the significance of cattle in the Rwandan culture, the royal herd of long-horned cattle, known as “Inyambo,” can still be seen grazing near the palace.

The King’s Palace Museum in Nyanza offers an immersive experience into Rwanda’s pre-colonial monarchy, with a beautifully reconstructed royal palace that reflects the grandeur of the kingdom’s traditional architecture.

Ethnographic Museum

Located in Huye (formerly Butare), the Ethnographic Museum was a gift from Belgium’s King Baudouin in the late 1980s. Today, it houses one of Africa’s most impressive ethnographic collections.

The museum features seven galleries that display a wide range of historical, ethnographic, artistic, and archaeological artifacts. Through these exhibits, visitors gain a deep understanding of Rwandan culture, with visual aids enriching the experience.

The exhibits begin with geographical and geological presentations, followed by items related to traditional practices such as hunting, agriculture, animal husbandry, pottery, weaving, and woodwork.

The museum also showcases traditional clothing, architectural methods, and the social significance of cattle in Rwandan society.

The final gallery delves into traditional customs, beliefs, history, culture, poetry, oral tradition, and cosmology. Additionally, there is a highly regarded craft center on-site, offering visitors a chance to explore local craftsmanship.

Huye Ethnographic Museum houses one of Africa’s most impressive ethnographic collections.

Lake Kivu

Lake Kivu, Rwanda’s largest lake, is nestled along the country’s western border, forming part of Africa’s Great Rift Valley.

Surrounded by dramatic mountains and covering an area of 2,700 square kilometers, the lake offers a stunning backdrop for relaxation and adventure.

The lakeside towns of Rubavu (formerly Gisenyi) and Karongi are popular with travelers seeking peaceful retreats after exploring the national parks.

Rubavu, located near the Volcanoes National Park, is an ideal spot to unwind after gorilla trekking, with its lakeside hotels and restaurants offering breathtaking views of the water.
Karongi, further south, is a charming town known for its scenic beaches and rolling hills covered in pine and eucalyptus trees.

Visitors can enjoy boat rides, kayaking, or simply soak in the serene atmosphere of the lake.

For those who prefer a more active experience, the Congo Nile Trail offers one of the most scenic hikes in the country, stretching 227 kilometers along the lake’s shoreline.

Surrounded by dramatic mountains and covering an area of 2,700 square kilometers, Lake Kivu offers a stunning backdrop for relaxation and adventure.

Rugezi Marsh: A haven for birdwatchers

Rugezi Marsh, located in the northern part of Rwanda, is a vast wetland covering over 6,700 hectares.

It is a vital habitat for a wide variety of wildlife, particularly bird species.

The marsh is a designated Ramsar site, recognized for its importance in wetland conservation.

For birdwatchers, Rugezi Marsh offers an unparalleled opportunity to spot some of Rwanda’s rarest bird species, including the elusive white-backed duck and other waterbirds.
In addition to birdwatching, visitors can take a boat ride on Lake Nyagafunzo, located at the southern edge of the marsh, to observe the area’s rich aquatic life.

Recent research has uncovered a wealth of new species in Rugezi Marsh, making it a fascinating destination for eco-tourists and nature lovers alike.

Tourists visiting Rugezi Marsh can a variety of bird species.

Kibeho Holy Land: A sacred pilgrimage site

Located in Nyaruguru District of Southern Province, Kibeho is one of the most important pilgrimage sites in the Catholic world.

The area gained international recognition following the apparitions of the Virgin Mary in 1981, witnessed by several young girls.

Today, thousands of pilgrims visit Kibeho each year, especially on November 28th, to commemorate the first apparition and spiritually connect with 'Mother Mary’.

For those seeking a spiritual journey, Kibeho offers a unique experience filled with prayer, reflection, and the deep sense of peace that permeates this sacred land.

Kibeho Holy Land attracts thousands of local and international pilgrims every year.

Nyandungu Ecopark: An urban conservation success

Nyandungu Ecopark, located within Kigali, is a testament to Rwanda’s commitment to environmental conservation and sustainable tourism.

This urban wetland, which was restored and inaugurated in 2022, spans over 120 hectares and serves as a green haven within the city. The park features walking and cycling paths, picnic areas, and viewing platforms, making it a popular destination for locals and tourists alike.

Nyandungu is home to over 100 bird species and a variety of local plants, providing visitors with a peaceful escape from the hustle and bustle of the city.

The park’s medicinal garden and the Pope’s Garden are particularly notable, offering insight into Rwanda’s traditional healing practices and its Catholic heritage.

Nyandungu Eco-Park is among top recommended places for nature lovers.

Kandt House Museum

The museum is named after Richard Kandt, the first colonial governor of Rwanda under German rule, who governed in the early 1900s. Today, the Kandt House Museum in Kigali is divided into three main sections.

The first section showcases Rwandan life before the colonial era, exploring its social, economic, and political dimensions.

The second section delves into Rwanda’s colonial experience, beginning with the Berlin Conference of 1884, which led to German rule until 1916.

After World War I, Belgium took over governance under the League of Nations mandate.

This section also highlights Richard Kandt’s life in Rwanda.

The third section focuses on the history of Kigali, chronicling its evolution before, during, and after the colonial period. Kigali became Rwanda’s capital upon gaining independence in 1962.

Whether you are seeking adventure, relaxation, or a deep connection with nature and history, Rwanda’s attractions promise to leave you with unforgettable memories.

The Kandt House Museum in Kigali is divided into three main sections.

Volcanoes National Park is home to mountain gorillas.

Volcanoes National Park leaves indelible memories.

Akagera National Park is home to many bird species.

Gishwati-Mukura is Rwanda’s newest National Park.

Leopards are among wild animals seen in Akagera National Park.

Lions were reintroduced in Akagera National Park in 2015 following years of extinction.

Akagera National Park has a large number of elephant population.

Théophile Niyitegeka

Health Minister Dr. Sabin Nsanzimana revealed the findings during a press briefing in Kigali on Sunday, October 21, 2024, stating that the index case was a 27-year-old man who contracted the virus through contact with bats in a local cave.

Dr. Nsanzimana explained that extensive research, including genomic sequencing, epidemiological investigations, and environmental testing, pointed to a zoonotic origin, meaning the virus jumped from an animal to a human.

“The index case we presented today is a 27-year-old male,” he said, adding that the case shows a close evolutionary relationship to a strain observed during the 2014 outbreak in the region.

“Through our contact tracing, beginning from the hospital, we combined all five elements, which led us, with high precision, to determine that this was of zoonotic origin. This man had been exposed in a particular area of a cave with a specific species of bat that has been sequenced before in the region, confirming the link to the outbreak we are currently dealing with.”

The Marburg virus is a highly contagious disease that causes severe hemorrhagic fever. While outbreaks are rare, they often result in high mortality rates and present serious public health challenges.

According to the Ministry of Health, the outbreak in Rwanda was first identified after the index case was hospitalized at King Faisal Hospital, where he was treated in the intensive care unit. Healthcare workers attending to him soon exhibited symptoms, triggering an investigation into the source of the virus.

“Identifying the index case has been the result of several efforts. We are very happy to have reached this point because in many outbreaks, it is extremely difficult to do so,' the minister added.

With efforts continuing, the Ministry of Health remains focused on controlling the outbreak and ensuring that Rwanda is prepared for future health crises.

“We continue to expand our understanding of these dynamics within a One Health context. We will be providing more details about this index case and how we can prepare for preventing future outbreaks,' Dr. Nsanzimana emphasized.

Since the first-ever outbreak was declared in Rwanda on September 27, 2024, a total of 62 cases, 14 deaths, and 45 recoveries have been recorded. The fatality rate stands at 24%, significantly lower compared to the 88% observed in past outbreaks globally.

World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, who was present at the joint media briefing in Kigali, acknowledged Rwanda’s positive trend in managing the health emergency, as there have been no new cases or deaths in the past week.

The WHO chief highlighted that Rwanda was the first country in Africa to successfully intubate and later extubate patients suffering from the Marburg virus, a significant medical breakthrough.

He attributed the achievements to strategic measures and effective health interventions.

'We believe this is the first time patients with Marburg virus have been extubated in Africa. These patients would have died in previous outbreaks,' Dr. Tedros said, citing a recent incident where two patients successfully recovered.

'This reflects the work Rwanda has done over the years to strengthen the health system, to develop capacity in critical care and life support that can be deployed both in regular hospital care and emergencies,' he added.

Rwanda’s Health Minister Dr. Sabin Nsanzimana revealed the findings during a press briefing attended by WHO Director General Dr.Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus in Kigali on Sunday, October 21, 2024. He stated that the index case was a 27-year-old man who contracted the virus through contact with bats in a local cave.

Wycliffe Nyamasege

Dr. Tedros confirmed the conversation through his X account on Sunday.

“I had a fruitful conversation with my brother, President Paul Kagame, regarding Rwanda’s ongoing response to the Marburg outbreak. I expressed my appreciation for his leadership and the effective management of the outbreak response, along with his commitment to end it soon,” he shared.

Dr. Tedros mentioned that they also discussed the significant investments in establishing a local vaccine manufacturing facility in Kigali.

He emphasized that the project is “well underway and making significant progress, leveraging lessons learned from COVID-19 to address the equity challenges faced by Africa.”

Dr. Tedros has been in Kigali to assess Rwanda’s response to the Marburg virus.

The first Marburg cases in Rwanda were reported on September 27, 2024.

According to figures from the Ministry of Health, a total of 4,715 people have been tested.

Out of these, 60 people have been infected while 15 died.

Currently, three patients are receiving treatment, while 44 individuals have recovered, and 1,070 people have been vaccinated against the virus.

President Paul Kagame (left) has held a conversation with the Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO), Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus (right).

IGIHE

The Civil Defense source, speaking on condition of anonymity, said the casualties are the result of Israeli raids on southern Lebanese sites, including Zahrani River, Srifa, Qabrikha, Babliyeh, Kfar Dounine, Borj Rahal, and the municipality of Deir Qanoun.

Civil Defense teams and the Lebanese Red Cross worked to transfer the bodies of the dead and wounded to hospitals in Sidon, Tyre, and Nabatieh in southern Lebanon, while rescue teams were still working to remove the rubble in search of missing persons.

Since Sunday afternoon, violent clashes took place between Hezbollah fighters and Israeli forces that infiltrated several border towns in southern Lebanon, according to Hezbollah and Lebanese security sources.

“The fiercest clashes, in which heavy and medium machine guns, artillery shells, and rockets were used, were taking place on the outskirts of the villages of Rab El Thalathine, al-Taybeh, Houla, Mays al-Jabal, Aita al-Shaab, Rmeish, Jabal Sadana, Birkat Al-Naqqar and Kfarchouba,” the security sources said.

Meanwhile, Hezbollah said in separate statements that its fighters targeted several Israeli sites with rockets and drones, including the Filon base, headquarters of the 210th Division in northern Israel, the Samson base west of Lake Tiberias, Beria Air Defense and Missile Base, and the city of Haifa.

The group said it also targeted Israeli army gatherings on the outskirts of several Lebanese villages with artillery shells and missiles.

Since Sept. 23, the Israeli army has been launching intensive airstrikes on Lebanon in a sharp escalation with Hezbollah. It has also conducted what it said was a “limited, targeted” ground operation against Hezbollah positions near the Lebanese border.

Since Oct. 8, 2023, Hezbollah and the Israeli army have been exchanging fire across the Lebanon-Israel border amid fears of a broader conflict as the war between Hamas and Israel continues in the Gaza Strip.

At least 16 people were killed and 24 others injured on Sunday in Israeli airstrikes targeting southern Lebanon, as confirmed by a Lebanese Civil Defense source.

Xinhua

Prominent African leaders have come together in this landmark step, as the initiative is set to transform the continent’s leadership landscape by meeting the diverse needs of leaders across Africa.

The ASG aims to address the continent’s pressing governance challenges by equipping emerging leaders with the mindsets, skills and knowledge required for effective leadership in Africa’s future. The initiative brings together visionaries committed to creating a sustainable governance model rooted in African realities.

A collective leadership vision

The ASG initiative is founded by H.E. Paul Kagame, President of Rwanda, H.E. Hailemariam Desalegn, former Prime Minister of Ethiopia (both co-founders of the ASG Foundation) in consultation with other African leaders, academicians, and philanthropists dedicated to improving governance across the continent.

ASG is supported by the Mastercard Foundation as part of its Young Africa Works strategy, which aims to enable 30 million young Africans, 70 percent of whom are women, to access dignified and fulfilling work opportunities by 2030.

ASG will be led by esteemed independent governing board members, chaired by Makhtar Diop, Managing Director of the International Finance Corporation (IFC) and former Minister of Finance and Economy of Senegal, and including Donald Kaberuka, former President of the African Development Bank, Hajer Gueldich, Professor at the University of Carthage, Kishore Mahbubani, former Dean of the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore, and Francis Gatare, CEO of the Rwanda Development Board.

The ASG Foundation has appointed Professor Kingsley Moghalu, former Deputy Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria and a distinguished scholar and academic, to be the inaugural President of ASG. The collective vision of ASG’s leadership is to create an institution that offers world-class education in governance and public policy while promoting home-grown solutions to Africa’s unique challenges and opportunities.

Speaking on the launch, H.E. Hailemariam Desalegn commented: 'The time is ripe for an institution rooted in Africa’s needs and aspirations. The African School of Governance will be a hub for nurturing purpose-driven leaders equipped to tackle the continent’s greatest challenges and opportunities, combining Africa’s uniqueness with international best practices. This is not just an educational institution, but a movement towards sustainable African leadership.'

Tackling Africa’s development and governance challenges

Africa’s rapid economic growth, increasing global influence, and evolving governance structures present unprecedented opportunities and challenges. From post-pandemic recovery to climate adaptation, the continent’s policymakers face complex and urgent issues that require skilled leadership.

ASG aims to meet this critical need, by developing current and future leaders who can address these challenges through a shift in leadership mindsets, governance, and sustainable development to drive long-term, meaningful change across the continent.

Academic excellence and tailored programs

ASG will offer a comprehensive suite of academic programs designed to meet governance, leadership, and policy deficit across Africa. These include the Master of Public Administration (MPA) and the Executive Master of Public Administration (EMPA) programs, which are tailored to mid-career professionals and senior executives, respectively.

ASG will also provide specialized Executive Courses aimed at enhancing specific leadership skills for professionals. Additionally, the Young Leaders Program (YLP) and Senior Leadership Fellowship (SLF) will cater for high-potential undergraduates and seasoned professionals nearing the end of their careers, ensuring that ASG supports leadership development at every stage.

ASG’s curriculum will be distinguished by integrating African historical, political, and socio-economic contexts. By grounding students in African realities, the institution will equip diverse leaders to navigate the continent’s complex governance challenges while drawing from global best practices.

Innovative research and policy engagement

In addition to its educational offerings, ASG will play a critical role in advancing governance through its dedicated research centres. These include the Centre for Home-Grown Innovations in Policy and Governance, the Centre for African History and Leadership, the Centre for Trade and Regional Integration, and the Centre for Technology and Effective Delivery.

These research hubs will focus on generating evidence-based solutions tailored to African governance challenges, helping policymakers design and implement effective policies and strategies.

ASG’s commitment to policy engagement is equally robust, with plans to actively engage with governments, civil society, and private-sector stakeholders. Through policy labs, incubators, and collaborative partnerships, ASG will translate its research into actionable policy solutions that promote good governance and sustainable development across the continent.

Leadership and governance structure

As the inaugural President of ASG, Professor Kingsley Moghalu, a globally recognised leader in public policy and governance, will steer the institution towards its ambitious goals.

Professor Moghalu, a former Deputy Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria, has held senior positions in the United Nations system for 17 years and taught at prestigious institutions such as Harvard, Oxford, and The Fletcher School at Tufts University.

He is also the author of several books, including the critically acclaimed Emerging Africa: How the Global Economy’s 'Last Frontier’ Can Prosper and Matter.

Makhtar Diop, Managing Director of the IFC and Chair of ASG’s Board, said, 'We are excited to welcome Kingsley Moghalu as President of the African School of Governance. His sterling track record of leadership in international and national policymaking institutions, academia, and his thought leadership influence, will help make ASG a transformative graduate school and develop a new generation of purpose-driven leaders with the skills and mindsets to help Africa address the challenges of the 21st Century.'

Professor Moghalu will be responsible for steering and shaping ASG’s academic vision, delivering learning programs that reflect the complex governance challenges facing Africa today. Under the guidance of the Governing Board, he will focus on recruiting top-tier African faculty, fostering academic excellence, and positioning ASG as a hub for intellectual and policy innovation.

'The establishment of ASG is a powerful expression of a clear vision on the part of the founding leaders,' Prof. Moghalu said in response to his appointment. 'I share this vision of a transformed Africa driven by competent leadership and governance, and I am honoured to have been tasked with leading ASG’s critical contribution to making that vision a reality.'

Strategic partnerships

ASG is supported by the ASG Foundation, a not-for-profit foundation, that exists to help mobilize funding and manage its endowments, as well as give strategic guidance to the institution and support related initiatives for the development of African leaders.

The establishment of ASG is supported by strong strategic partnerships with other world-class institutions, including the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore, and the Mastercard Foundation.

A Pan-African initiative with global reach

Headquartered in Kigali, Rwanda, ASG is set to become a Pan-African institution with a global influence. Its mission is to build leadership capacity that transcends borders, ensuring that African voices are not only heard but lead the charge in global governance discussions.

ASG’s partnership with institutions such as the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore further reinforces its commitment to providing a world-class education that draws from both African and international expertise.

This announcement marks a significant milestone in Africa’s governance journey. Through the collective efforts of its founders and partners, the institution will help to nurture the leaders that Africa needs to tackle the challenges and opportunities of the 21st century.

Professor Kingsley Moghalu, Inaugural President of the African School of Governance (ASG).

IGIHE

According to WHO Director General Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, this achievement marks a major milestone in Marburg virus care, as these patients would likely have succumbed to the disease in previous outbreaks.

'We believe this is the first time patients with Marburg virus have been extubated in Africa. These patients would have died in previous outbreaks. I commend Rwanda’s health system for its preparedness and life-saving interventions,' Tedros said, citing a recent incident where two patients successfully recovered.

The WHO boss was speaking at a joint presser with Rwanda’s Ministry of Health held on October 20, 2024, attended by various partners and stakeholders in the health sector. He recognized Rwanda’s ability to contain the deadly virus, a feat achieved through strategic measures and effective health interventions.

WHO Director General Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus speaking to the press in Kigali

'We’re pleased to see that there have been no new cases in the past six days. And we hope that remains the case,' said Tedros, highlighting the aptitude to provide critical care for Marburg patients.

The country has not seen any new cases in the past six days thereby reducing the number of active cases to three with 43 recoveries. Out of the 4715 tests conducted so far, the Ministry of Health has recorded 62 confirmed cases, 44 recoveries, 15 deaths (predominantly health service providers) and a fatality rate of 24.2%.

Tedros also lauded Rwanda’s long-term investments in healthcare, which have strengthened its capacity to manage such crises. He emphasized that the country’s health infrastructure now allows it to offer critical care that is deployed both in routine medical situations and in emergencies.

He acknowledged the international collaboration in Rwanda’s fight against Marburg. Rwanda has initiated trials for vaccines and therapeutics and these efforts, according to Tedros, demonstrate the country’s forward-thinking approach to pandemic preparedness and the country’s hard work towards reaching WHO’s maturity level 3 in its regulatory framework.

He expressed satisfaction with the available technological advancements in tracking and controlling the outbreak, noting that the National Command Center’s use of real-time information systems was crucial in coordinating the response.

'We believe these strategic investments will address the equity problems we faced during COVID-19,' he said.

Even though the WHO chief warned that vigilance must continue until the outbreak is officially declared over, he urged countries not to impose travel or trade restrictions on Rwanda, as they are unnecessary and could harm the country’s economy.

'We ask those countries which have imposed travel restrictions to reverse them,' he said, ensuring that Rwanda’s leadership in this outbreak response is recognized and supported by the global community.

The WHO’s praise for Rwanda’s achievements reinforces the country’s growing reputation as a leader in healthcare innovation and emergency response on the African continent.

Rwanda’s Minister of Health Dr Sabin Nsanzimana, echoed WHO’s recognition of the country’s progress, highlighting the significant milestone as a clear sign of the outbreak being brought under control.

'We’ve had zero infections and zero deaths consecutively for six days, which is a continuous improvement. This has been as a result of rigorous testing, contact tracing, and treatment strategies,' he said, expressing optimism that Rwanda could be soon be declared Marburg free.

'A critical aspect of Rwanda’s success has been its high level of care for patients, including life-saving interventions. The case fatality rate that stands at 24 is a reflection of the dedication of healthcare workers,' the Minister noted, underscoring the teamwork involved in saving lives.

Several partners and stakeholders attended the media briefing

In addition to critical care, Rwanda has taken proactive steps to vaccinate over 1,000 frontline healthcare workers and contacts of Marburg patients. This has provided an additional layer of protection and reassurance for those at the forefront of the fight against the virus.

The WHO standards and regulations stipulate that in case of an outbreak such as this, once there are no more patients in the treatment Centre and no new cases emerge, a country can be declared virus free after a period of 42 days.

The Rwandan government continues to work together with various partners to ensure that no cases are missed, and measures remain in place until the outbreak is fully contained.

Rwanda’s Minister of Health Dr Sabin Nsanzimana, echoed WHO’s recognition of the country’s progress in combating Marburg Virus Disease.

Sam K Nkurunziza

Addressing journalists in Nairobi on Sunday, October 20, 2024, Gachagua alleged that undercover security agents attempted to poison his food in two separate incidents in August and September of this year.

“On August 30, undercover security agents entered my room in Kisumu, bugged it, and one of them tried to poison my food, but we were able to detect the scheme. I was supposed to be killed through food poisoning. On September 3 in Nyeri, another team from the National Intelligence Service came and tried to poison food that was meant for me and the Kikuyu Council of Elders,” Gachagua said.

He claimed that it was after the two failed assassination attempts that an impeachment motion was tabled against him on October 1, 2024.

Gachagua spoke after being discharged from Karen Hospital in Nairobi, where he had been hospitalized with chest pains as the Senate debated his impeachment motion on Thursday.

He accused President William Ruto of illegally ordering the withdrawal of his security and staff despite the High Court suspending the Senate’s resolutions to uphold his impeachment by the National Assembly.

Without mincing his words, Gachagua accused the Head of State of being vicious and treating him like an animal while he was still hospitalized and at risk of suffering a stroke due to stress related to the plot to remove him from office.

“I don’t understand this level of viciousness toward a man who has been your deputy, a man who helped you become president. Irrespective of what he has done, at his lowest moment in life, when he is literally struggling to stay alive, you unleash such viciousness against him. I bear no grudges against anybody, but I had not seen this in President William Ruto. The man I am seeing now is not the one I thought I knew,” he said, citing constant persecution over the past year and a surprisingly rushed effort to remove him from office.

Gachagua said he doesn’t feel safe, and if anything happens to him, President Ruto should be held accountable.

“Do whatever you want, but please, Mr. President, I beg you, don’t kill us. Don’t kill my children. You have caused me enough pain over the past year. Please, leave me alone,” he added.

“I want the people of Kenya to know that as I go home today, I have no security. It is good that they know that if anything happens to me or my family, President Ruto must be held accountable.”

The besieged Deputy President noted that his troubles stemmed from challenging the punitive and unpopular tax measures and policies introduced by the Ruto regime.

“It’s the most unfortunate thing that has ever happened in this country. That you can be so vicious to a man who helped you become president, and his only crime is telling you the truth: don’t evict people without compensation; Mr. President, don’t overtax people—you are killing them, you are killing their businesses. Don’t force the housing program on people; if people don’t want these houses, don’t force them. My only problem with the president is being truthful, because nobody else can tell him,” he added.

He expressed confidence in the courts delivering justice for what he termed an unfair removal from office.

“The 11 counts are malicious and fictitious. It was a political game by the President to get rid of me,” Gachagua lamented.

Gachagua was impeached after Senators upheld five of the 11 charges brought against him.

Fifty-four senators voted to impeach Gachagua on the first count of gross violation of the Constitution, while 13 voted against his removal. The charges under this ground included accusations of dividing Kenyans along ethnic lines. The National Assembly cited several instances where Gachagua compared the government to a company, suggesting that certain regions held more “shares” than others.

In addition to engaging in divisive politics, Gachagua faced other accusations, including economic crimes, money laundering, insubordination, undermining the government and devolution, as well as bullying and intimidating state officers. However, the charges of economic crimes, money laundering, and bullying failed to gain sufficient support.

The Senate proceeded with the impeachment trial despite Gachagua’s lawyers arguing that the Deputy President could not appear in the House as he had been hospitalized.

Thereafter, President Ruto nominated Interior Cabinet Secretary Kithure Kindiki to replace Gachagua as Deputy President. However, Kindiki’s nomination and approval by the National Assembly faced a setback after the High Court granted conservatory orders barring the minister from being sworn in, pending the mention of the matter on October 24, 2024.

Addressing journalists in Nairobi on Sunday, October 20, 2024, impeached Kenyan Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua alleged that undercover security agents attempted to assassinate him by poisoning his food in two separate incidents in August and September of this year.

Wycliffe Nyamasege

The embassy will reopen its doors to the public starting Monday, October 21, 2024, for all services that had been suspended, including American citizen services and visa interviews.

“Starting Monday, October 21, 2024, the U.S. Embassy will reopen to the public for all in-person services, including assistance for American citizens and visa services and interviews,” the embassy said in a notice published on its official website.

The embassy had earlier stated that the decision to suspend all in-person services at its offices following the announcement of the Marburg outbreak in Rwanda on September 27, 2024, was made out of an abundance of caution as the government assessed the severity of the MVD outbreak.

During the period, embassy staff were authorized to work remotely.

The reopening of the embassy to the public comes after Rwanda’s Health Minister, Dr. Sabin Nsanzimana, termed the country’s progress in managing the Marburg virus outbreak as positive. He attributed the trend to heightened contact tracing and ongoing vaccination trials.

Speaking during a recent press conference, the minister said Rwanda hopes to report no new cases or deaths for several days. No new cases have been reported for about a week now.

'We believe that this ring vaccination [for the close contacts of confirmed cases] has played a big role. And also, we believe that the intensive work being done on the ground is helping to capture all the cases and their contacts,' Dr. Nsanzimana told members of the press on October 17, 2024.

'So briefly, I just wanted to share this good news that the trend is positive, and that we’re going to hopefully soon—or as soon as possible—have zero cases for several days and zero deaths for several days,' he said.

According to the minister, since the outbreak, all new confirmed cases have been within the hospital cluster in Kigali and their contacts, all of whom are under isolation and treatment. There is no evidence of community transmission in Rwanda.

Rwanda has so far confirmed 62 cases, 15 deaths, and 44 recoveries. Cumulative tests stand at more than 4,700.

The Marburg virus, which causes hemorrhagic fever, spreads from person to person through direct contact with the blood, secretions, organs, or other bodily fluids of infected individuals. It can also be transmitted by touching contaminated surfaces or materials, such as bedding and clothing. This transmission can occur through broken skin or mucous membranes, such as those found in the eyes, nose, or mouth.

Preventive measures include avoiding contact with infected individuals, practicing good hygiene, wearing protective clothing when caring for someone infected or working in a high-risk environment, and avoiding contact with infected animals, especially fruit bats and non-human primates. Humans are also advised to avoid touching or consuming bushmeat.

The embassy will reopen its doors to the public starting Monday, October 21, 2024, for all services that had been suspended, including American citizen services and visa interviews.

Wycliffe Nyamasege

He referred to the drone launch from Lebanon, aimed at his private residence in the northern town of Caesarea earlier in the day.

The drone eventually hit another house in the town, with no casualties, and the prime minister’s office noted that Netanyahu and his wife were not in their private home at the time of the attack.

“This will not deter me and Israel from continuing the war of revival against our enemies to ensure our security for generations,” Netanyahu added in the statement.

“I tell the Iranians and their partners in the axis of evil that anyone who harms the citizens of Israel will pay a heavy price for it. We will continue to eliminate your terrorists, bring back our abductees from Gaza, and return the northern residents to their homes,” the prime minister stated.

Netanyahu concluded, “We will achieve all the war goals we have set and change the security reality in our region for generations.”

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu referred to the drone launch from Lebanon, aimed at his private residence in the northern town of Caesarea earlier in the day.

Xinhua

Karongozi sheds light on the unique aspects of the case, including the controversial witnesses for the defense and their surprising claims, as well as the challenges faced in ensuring that the truth about the events of 1994 is fully revealed.

This interview offers a critical perspective on justice, the complexities of such trials, and the lasting impact on survivors.

The trial of Eugène Rwamucyo is underway at the Palais de Justice de Paris in France.

IGIHE: Who is Eugène Rwamucyo?

Karongozi: Eugène Rwamucyo is a Rwandan who hails from Musanze district. who studied occupational health sciences and was one of the directors at the University of Rwanda health center in Huye district.

He is accused of planning and execution of the Genocide against the Tutsi in Butare. He is someone who wielded significant influence is currently on trial and as usual he is still presumed innocent, though we are striving to ensure the truth comes to light.

IGIHE: There have been many trials, what is unique about this one?

Karongozi: The first unique aspect of this case is that the defendant claims, in his view, that there should not have been so many political parties and even goes as far as bringing in witnesses whose testimony aligns with his narrative.

Among these witnesses are people like Ndindiriyimana, the former Commander of the Gendarmerie, Habyarimana Emmanuel, former Minister of Defense, Jean Marie Vianney Ndagijimana, former Minister of Foreign Affairs, and Jean Kambanda, the Prime Minister during the interim government, among others.

These individuals still hold on to ideologies that contributed to the Genocide against the Tutsi, and as we go through the trial, it becomes evident that holding onto such beliefs is inappropriate, especially when they led to the Genocide.

Additionally, there are international witnesses like Charles Onana, who was supposed to appear but later expressed uncertainty about attending. There are also people like Stephan Smith, a journalist for ‘Le Monde,’ and Hervé Deguine, among others, whose testimony contrasts with what is known about the Genocide against the Tutsi.

These witnesses seem to be defending Rwamucyo’s stance. While he acknowledges some atrocities, he denies having committed Genocide.

IGIHE: Why do the witnesses focus heavily on events in Butare?

Karongozi: You know that the Genocide in Butare started after Theodole Sindikubwabo’s speech on April 19, 1994, but even before his arrival, massacres were being planned.

Rwamucyo is accused of participating in meetings organized by members of the Coalition for the Defense of the Republic (CDR), where plans for the killings were made.

The Genocide in Butare was executed in a shocking manner, with roadblocks set up everywhere, bulldozers and caterpillars brought from Kigali, prisoners forced to bury the dead, and mass graves filled with victims from various locations such as Matyazo, Ngoma Parish, the university buildings, Hotel Faucon, and the Butare Prefecture.

Even hospitals weren’t spared; patients were taken out and killed, their bodies dumped in pits. The genocide was conducted swiftly and in an organized manner.

There were security meetings at the Prefecture level, attended by figures like Higaniro, who was sentenced in Belgium, and various local officials, military officers, and police. These meetings determined who would be killed.

Rwamucyo is accused of being responsible for the disposal of bodies, but they buried some people before they had fully decomposed. The brutality was evident in how they quickly moved around, leaving no place untouched.

IGIHE: How are the plaintiffs seeking reparations handling the case?

Karongozi: In any trial, plaintiffs’ rights are respected, and this is no exception. We’ve seen individuals speaking with knowledge of the country and providing insights into how things were.

We’ve heard from people like Herene Dumant, a historian, and Damien Vandermeersch, who started the Butare trials in Belgium. Jean François Dupaquier, a renowned journalist, also testified. These people have a reputation for telling the truth about the Genocide against the Tutsi.

We also saw people from Médecins Sans Frontières, like Rony Zakaria, who was helping people in hospitals but had to flee after witnessing the massacre of the patients.

Other individuals continue to tell the truth, and as lawyers, we fight for that truth because we have become accustomed to these trials, even though each one has its unique aspects.

We are still expecting more survivors to testify, as they are the foundation of our history in these trials. Their experiences and what they heard or witnessed are deeply respected in court. While Rwamucyo’s representatives may question them, it is not as harsh as in Arusha, where witnesses were sometimes mistreated.

Here, the trial respects both sides, and we believe that the truth will continue to emerge.bWe have two more weeks left, and our schedule aims to conclude by the end of October.

IGIHE: A witness claimed that they went to kill with Rwamucyo, but Rwamucyo denies knowing them. What does this mean?

Karongozi: It appears to be a strategy, as he claims not to know almost everyone, although it’s understandable that after 30 years, one might forget certain people. However, it seems improbable that one would forget everyone.
These are individuals he worked with, such as drivers and secretaries, people he encountered regularly, so denying knowledge of them is difficult to comprehend.

Another example that puzzled us was when he claimed not to know the nearby multipurpose building. There are moments where you can tell he is exaggerating, but it is his right to remain silent.

IGIHE: What has surprised you the most in this trial?

Karongozi: It’s the way witnesses for the defense seem to mock us. Jean Kambanda, for instance, claimed that it was the RPF (Rwandan Patriotic Front) that killed people in Butare, referencing Robert Kajuga.

Others echoed similar statements, including Rwamucyo, who denies that the killings were planned.
Some also argue that the killings were fueled by anger following the shooting down of Habyarimana’s plane. But how could this anger travel over 100 kilometers to Butare, where Tutsis were then killed?

Was this anger hidden for over 10 days, only to erupt later? It clearly contradicts the claim that the Genocide wasn’t planned.

We have shown evidence dating back to 1990, even from Dr. Abel Dushimimana, who was arrested as a spy despite being a Hutu. When asked why he was arrested, he said he didn’t know, but that it might have been because of his appearance, suggesting that Rwamucyo looked more like a Tutsi than he did.

Do you remember in 1990 when older people like Kamugunga and Gakuba were killed, and students like Munyeshuri and Modeste Mungwarareba, who led the Seminary, along with Father Musoni, were imprisoned?
They fired shots in the night of October 4-5, 1990, claiming that the RPF had reached Kigali. The next day, over 8,000 people were arrested. All of this had been planned.

IGIHE: After handling many cases like this, how do you, as a Rwandan lawyer, approach them?

Karongozi: I’ve developed a practice of visiting the locations where the accused are alleged to have committed their crimes before the trial starts. Even though I spent many years in Butare, I go there to speak with the people we are defending, as many cannot come to court here.

I visit various sites to understand the current situation, especially where new buildings have been constructed, so I can be informed. I also gather information myself—not by conducting investigations but by listening to survivors to ensure I have enough knowledge for the case.

It’s an ongoing battle, and with my colleague Gisagara, we have the advantage of understanding Kinyarwanda, so when people use terms like ‘kora’ (work) or ‘kubohora’ (liberate), we understand the meaning fully.
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In an exclusive interview, renowned lawyer André-Martin Karongozi who is representing the survivors provides deep insights into the trial of Rwamucyo.

Karirima Ngarambe A