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Residents reported intense shooting in the city, near Lake Tanganyika, from around 8 p.m. on September 5, 2025. The clashes involved AK-47 rifles and machine guns.

Sources indicate that the Wazalendo fighters engaged in the shootout with FARDC were members of a unit led by 'General' John Makanaki, which has long been active in South Kivu.

Since September 2, 2025, Wazalendo fighters have staged major demonstrations in Uvira, demanding the removal of Brig Gen Olivier Gasita, a FARDC officer whom they accuse of being Rwandan. Their suspicions are based on his identity as a Munyamulenge, an ethnic minority group in eastern DRC.

The unrest has paralyzed life in the city. Wazalendo closed the main highway, disrupted economic activities, and vowed to continue until Brig Gen Gasita was removed from Uvira.

On September 5, 2025, Uvira’s interim mayor, Kifara Kapenda Kik’v, convened a meeting aimed at defusing tensions. It was attended by Wazalendo leaders, including Makanaki and 'General' William Amuri Yakutumba. However, the talks failed, and protests continued.

Yakutumba insisted that Brig Gen Gasita must leave Uvira. Makanaki warned that if the general had not departed by September 8, his fighters would shut down the DRC—Burundi border and block the port of Uvira on Lake Tanganyika.

Yakutumba firmly stated during the tense meeting, 'We do not want the commander sent here, Gen Gasita, in Uvira.'

The FARDC spokesperson, Maj Gen Sylvain Ekenge Bomusa, had earlier urged Wazalendo to accept Brig Gen Gasita, stressing that the General appointed by the head of state had never betrayed the country.

Heavy clashes broke out overnight in Uvira, South Kivu Province, as the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of Congo (FARDC) and fighters from the Wazalendo militia exchanged intense gunfire following a dispute between the two sides.

IGIHE

From Monday to Friday, courts publicly display the names of defendants scheduled to appear, whether in custody or released, depending on the judge’s decision or the nature of the charges.

The general principle of justice is that suspects should stand trial without being held in detention.
However, in the 2024/25 judicial year, pre-trial detention and bail cases were significant. Courts handled 16,310 such cases involving 21,855 individuals.

Of these, judges ordered 10,358 to remain in pre-trial detention, while 6,490 were released on bail. Additionally, 1,539 individuals had their detention extended, 139 were subjected to specific judicial measures, and six were determined to have been unlawfully detained.

By the end of the judicial year 2024/25, which closed in June 2025, Rwandan courts had received over 106,000 cases, of which 74,835 — representing 70% — were criminal cases.

A report released on September 1, 2025, shows that theft was the most common crime handled by the courts, appearing in 13,956 cases. It was followed by assault and battery with 10,948 cases.

Another highly reported crime was child defilement, with 6,124 cases, while drug-related offenses appeared in 5,590 files, and the use of weapons or threats appeared in 3,194.

Other frequently prosecuted crimes included fraud (2,649 cases), unintentional bodily harm (2,497 cases), domestic violence (2,034 cases), homicide (1,780 cases), and obtaining another person’s property by deception (1,659 cases).

Why do some crimes remain dominant?

For more than five years, these ten categories of crime have consistently topped Rwanda’s criminal court dockets.

According to lawyer Ibambe Jean Paul of H-I Lex Partners, some crimes are interconnected in ways that make offenders likely to commit several of them.

'Take drug abuse, for instance. Once a person is under the influence, they are highly likely to engage in other crimes. They are the ones who fight, who assault and injure others, and may end up committing sexual offenses such as defilement. No person in a sound state of mind would simply decide to commit such acts. This is not unique to Rwanda — it’s the same everywhere.' he explained.

He further noted that those who commit armed robbery are often the same who use intimidation to achieve their criminal goals.

Lawyer Ibambe added that the apparent rise in certain crimes does not always mean society is becoming more criminal, but rather that law enforcement has improved its capacity to detect and prosecute them.

'Sometimes it doesn’t mean that crimes are increasing in number. What increases is citizens’ awareness about elements constituting a crime and their willingness to report it. Authorities have also enhanced their ability to detect even cases that might otherwise remain hidden. In some instances, the figures rise, but that’s also because investigative and prosecutorial capacity has expanded,' he explained

The prosecution’s record

The National Public Prosecution Authority (NPPA) reported that in 2024/25 it received 78,489 case files, processing more than 75,000. Out of these, 42,279 were taken to court while 33,453 were archived.

Between July 2024 and June 2025, prosecutors litigated 42,378 cases, winning 39,498 — a success rate of 93.2%.

In specific crimes such as child defilement, prosecutors won 74% of cases compared to 65% in the previous year.

Prosecutor General Angelique Habyarimana recently said that the institution had intensified its focus on handling sexual offenses against children, aiming for their complete eradication.

'We have increased efforts in processing cases of child defilement, domestic violence, and sexual assault,' she said.

In these three categories combined, prosecutors received 8,169 files, processed 7,780 (95%), and secured convictions in 83% of cases.

Youth remain a key concern

Data shows that the majority of prisoners in Rwanda are young people, most of them convicted of drug abuse, theft, and related crimes.

'Globally, crimes like drug use and petty theft are most prevalent among youth. Once someone abuses drugs, they may fight without reason, act irrationally, and eventually get trapped in crime,' Lawyer Ibambe emphasized.

He also highlighted the risks posed by idleness: 'Young people who spend their days idle are more likely to drift into crime. The solution lies in keeping them engaged — some in schools, others in work opportunities. When they lack jobs or prospects, they are vulnerable to substance abuse and, eventually, criminal behavior.'

Lawyer Ibambe Jean Paul stated that some crimes are fueled by drug abuse

IGIHE

The order would authorize the Department of Defense, the secretary of defense and subordinate officials to use secondary titles such as “Department of War,” “Secretary of War,” and “Deputy Secretary of War” in official correspondence and public communications, according to a White House fact sheet.

It also instructs Pentagon chief Pete Hegseth to recommend actions, including legislative and executive actions, to make the renaming permanent. A full legal change would still require congressional approval.

“Defense is too defensive,” Trump said in the Oval Office last month. “And we want to be defensive, but we want to be offensive too if we have to be. So, it just sounded to me like a better name.”

Hegseth had argued that changing the name is “not just about words — it’s about the warrior ethos.” Critics warned it could incur high costs and distract from security priorities.

U.S. Senator Andy Kim said the renaming was a childish idea, adding: “Americans want to prevent wars, not tout them,” according to a BBC report.

The Department of War, created in 1789, directed the U.S. Army and oversaw the country’s military through both World Wars before being consolidated into the Department of Defense in the late 1940s.

Xinhua

The event brought together leaders from the entertainment, sports, business, science, and conservation sectors, reflecting the growing global recognition of Rwanda’s conservation efforts. Distinguished guests included Rwanda’s First Lady, Jeannette Kagame; Prime Minister Justin Nsengiyumva; Rwanda Development Board CEO Jean Guy Afrika; and the Governor of the Northern Province, Maurice Mugabowagahunde.

This year, 40 baby gorillas were named, with several names chosen by prominent figures from around the world. International celebrities and global leaders—ranging from actors and musicians to sports icons and conservation advocates—participated in the naming, using their influence to shine a spotlight on Rwanda’s mountain gorillas and the country’s commitment to wildlife protection.

This year, 40 baby gorillas were named, with several names chosen by prominent figures from around the world.

Among the named gorillas were 18 born in 2024, whose naming had been delayed due to the Marburg virus outbreak in Rwanda. Families represented at the ceremony included Muhoza, Kwitonda, Matsiko Cyuzuzo, Kwisanga, Pablo, and others, highlighting the thriving diversity of Rwanda’s mountain gorilla population.

Kwita Izina, which means 'to give a name' in Kinyarwanda, is more than a symbolic gesture. It celebrates Rwanda’s conservation achievements, the essential role of local communities in protecting biodiversity, and the survival story of endangered mountain gorillas.

Grammy-nominated Nigerian Afropop singer and songwriter, Yemi Alade, attended the event.

Below is the full list of the 40 named gorillas and the meaning behind their names:

1. Mushumbamwiza

Mushumbamwiza is a male baby gorilla from the Hirwa family, born on October 19, 2024, to Igihembo. His name means 'good shepherd' and was given by Alliance Umwizerwa, Gorilla Research Assistant at the Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund.

2. Unguka

Unguka is a male from the Matsiko Cyuzuzo family, born on July 26, 2024, to Ruhuka. His name means 'gain.' He was named by Dr. Gaspard Nzayisenga, a field veterinarian with Gorilla Doctors.

Prime Minister Justin Nsengiyumva presided over the ceremony.

3. Rufatiro

Rufatiro is a male from the Matsiko Cyuzuzo family, born on November 2, 2024, to Umwe. His name means 'foundation.' He was named by Dieudonné Gato, Ranger, Volcanoes National Park.

4. Amahitamo

Amahitamo is a male from the Mutobo family, born on April 27, 2024, to Ishyaka. His name means 'choice.' He was named by Théogène Bimenyimana, Head Tracker, Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund.

5. Tsinda

Tsinda, whose sex is unknown, is from the Hirwa family, born on June 1, 2025, to Magayane. The name means 'win.' Tsinda was named by Brenda Umutoni, a ranger at Volcanoes National Park.

Distinguished guests included Rwanda’s First Lady, Jeannette Kagame.

6. Atete

Atete is a female from the Mutobo family, born on September 28, 2023, to Akariza. Her name means 'to receive affection.' She was named by Leonard Nsengiyumva, Data Technician, Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund.

7. Umutoni

Umutoni is a female from the Kwitonda family, born on April 6, 2024, to Rwunguko. Her name means 'favourite.' She was named by Jean Marie Vianney Zirimwabagabo, Ranger, Volcanoes National Park.

8. Kwihangana

Kwihangana, whose sex is unknown, is from the Kwisanga family, born on March 16, 2025, to Aheza. The name means 'patience.' Kwihangana was named by Naume Mukabarisa, Ranger, Volcanoes National Park.

9. Ogera

Ogera’s details were not disclosed during the ceremony. The name means 'popular.' This baby was named by Khaby Lame, a globally renowned content creator and social media personality.

10. Burere

Burere is a female from the Muhoza family, born on October 3, 2024, to Iriba. Her name means 'upbringing.' She was named by Princess Ingeborg zu Schleswig-Holstein, a German artist, philanthropist, and Chairperson of the Louisenlund Foundation.

11. Ntarungu

Ntarungu is a female from the Kwitonda family, born on April 29, 2024, to Gahuza. Her name means 'companionship' or 'enthusiastic.' She was named by His Highness Tunku Ali Redhauddin ibni Tuanku Muhriz, Prince of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, and President of WWF Malaysia.

12. Mwizerwa

Mwizerwa is a female from the Matsiko Cyuzuzo family, born on April 20, 2024, to Umuco. Her name means 'reliable.' She was named by Professor Senait Fisseha, MD, JD, Vice President of Global Programs at the Susan Thompson Buffett Foundation and Chief Advisor to the WHO.

13. Impuguke

Impuguke is a female from the Kwisanga family, born on July 21, 2024, to Ahazaza. Her name means 'expert.' She was named by Sang-Hyup Kim, Director-General of the Global Green Growth Institute.

14. Rugwiro

Rugwiro is a male from the Pablo family, born on January 22, 2024, to Ubukombe. His name means 'hospitable.' He was named by David S. Marriott, Chairman of Marriott International.

15. Tekana

Tekana is a female from the Isimbi family, born on December 24, 2023, to Africa. Her name means 'feel secure.' She was named by Dr. Yin Ye, CEO of BGI Group and science popularisation vlogger.

16. Ntavogerwa

Ntavogerwa is a male from the Agashya family, born on December 14, 2024, to Inyungu. His name means 'untouchable.' He was named by Charlie Mayhew, Co-founder and CEO of Tusk Trust.

17. Nyunganizi

Nyunganizi is a male from the Mutobo family, born on November 18, 2024, to Akamaro. His name means 'supporter' or 'helper.' He was named by Claver Ntoyinkima, Senior Ranger Guide and Trainer, Nyungwe National Park.

18. Umurage

Umurage, whose sex is unknown, is from the Hirwa family, born on May 22, 2024, to Umoja. The name means 'heritage.' Umurage was named by Michael Bay, an award-winning American film director and producer.

Bay named one baby gorilla Umurage, meaning 'heritage'.

19. Rwogere

Rwogere is a female from the Sabyinyo family, born on May 1, 2025, to Karema. Her name means 'famous.' She was named by Michelle Yeoh Todt, internationally acclaimed actress and UNDP Goodwill Ambassador.

20. Garuka

Garuka is a male from the Kwisanga family, born on October 18, 2024, to Nchili. His name means 'return.' He was named by Jeanine Rema (Khadja Nin), an internationally acclaimed Burundian singer, songwriter, and humanitarian.

21. Rubuga

Rubuga is a male from the Muhoza family, born on November 30, 2024, to Twitabweho. His name means 'platform.' He was named by Mathieu Flamini, Arsenal legend and CEO of GFBiochemicals.

22. Ruvugiro

Ruvugiro is a male from the Sabyinyo family, born on May 19, 2025, to Gukina. His name means 'platform.' He was named by Jean Todt, UN Secretary-General’s Special Envoy for Road Safety and former President of FIA.

23. Mwungeri

Mwungeri is a female from the Isimbi family, born on August 9, 2025, to Ejoheza. Her name means 'shepherd.' She was named by Matthew Harris, Founding Partner of Global Infrastructure Partners and Senior Managing Director at BlackRock.

24. Iwacu

Iwacu, whose sex is unknown, is from the Isimbi family, born on May 15, 2024, to Isura. The name means 'our home.' Iwacu was named by Laura Kabasomi Kakoma ('Somi’), Rwandan-American vocalist, composer, and playwright.

25. Kundwa

Kundwa, whose sex is unknown, is from the Igisha family, born on May 1, 2025, to Imbaga. The name means 'loved.' She was named by Yemi Alade, a Grammy-nominated Nigerian Afropop singer and songwriter.

26. Tengarama

Tengarama is a male from the Amahoro family, born on August 1, 2023, to Mudahinyuka. His name means 'be safe and sound.' He was named by Reed Oppenheimer, Chairman and CEO of the Reed Jules Oppenheimer Foundation.

27. Cyubahiro

Cyubahiro is a female from the Mutobo family, born on September 12, 2024, to Igitangaza. Her name means 'respect' or 'honour.' She was named by Athanasie Mukabizimungu, Founder and Chairperson of Imbereheza Gahunga.

28. Rwandanziza

Rwandanziza is a male from the Igisha family, born on September 4, 2023, to Twongere. His name means 'beautiful Rwanda.' He was named by Dr. Edward Hult, CEO of Education First North America.

29. Muvugizi

Muvugizi is a female from the Isimbi family, born on March 22, 2024, to Rwandarushya. Her name means 'advocate.' She was named by Suzanne Sinegal, Co-founder and President of Rwanda Girls Initiative & Gashora Girls Academy of Science and Technology.

30. Mpinganzima

Mpinganzima is a female from the Muhoza family, born on November 30, 2023, to Ikirezi. Her name means 'futuristic.' She was named by Gagan Gupta, an entrepreneur, conservationist, and builder of Africa’s green future.

31. Rugano

Rugano is a male from the Isimbi family, born on March 12, 2024, to Dukundane. His name means 'bamboo.' He was named by Camille Rebelo, Founder and CEO of EcoPlanet Bamboo.

32. Iraba

Iraba is a female from the Amahoro family, born on September 26, 2024, to Ihame. Her name means 'ornament pattern.' She was named by Luis Garcia, Atlético de Madrid legend and ESPN football analyst.

33. Amahumbezi

Amahumbezi, whose sex is unknown, is from the Agashya family, born on January 13, 2025, to Munezero. The name means 'gentle breeze.' He was named by Bacary Sagna, an Arsenal legend.

34. Izere

Izere is a male from the Titus family, born on November 16, 2024, to Agaseke. His name means 'hope.' He was named by Xi Zhinong, renowned Chinese wildlife photographer and Founder of 'Wild China' film.

35. Shyamba

Shyamba, whose sex is unknown, is from the Musilikale family, born on January 16, 2025, to Ubufatanye. The name means 'forest.' Shyamba was named by Lee Ehmke, conservation leader and former President & CEO of Houston Zoo.

36. Cyerekezo

Cyerekezo is a female from the Musilikale family, born on January 8, 2025, to Izihirwa. Her name means 'vision.' She was named by Susan Chin, Senior Vice President of Strategy and Advancement, Wildlife Conservation Society.

37. Nkomoko

Nkomoko is a female from the Ntambara family, born on February 3, 2024, to Tegereza. Her name means 'origin.' She was named by Ruth Fisher, Corporate Attorney and President of Pereg Holdings.

38. Higa

Higa, whose sex is unknown, is from the Ntambara family, born on February 23, 2025, to Nsanganira. The name means 'commit.' Higa was named by Vivien Ressler, creative and philanthropist.

39. Terimbere

Terimbere is a male from the Igisha family, born on December 3, 2023, to Ikigera. His name means 'progress.' He was named by Jean de Dieu Niyonzima, student at the Educational Institute for Blind Children, Nyaruguru District.

40. Ogera

Ogera was named virtually by Khaby Lame, TikTok sensation and one of the world’s most-followed social media personalities, emphasising Rwanda’s commitment to linking conservation with global culture.

Rania Umutoni

In a communiqué issued on Friday, RURA said the revised tariffs will take effect from September 6, 2025, at 6:00 AM. The maximum retail price for gasoline (petrol) has been set at Frw 1,862 per litre, up from Frw 1,803, while diesel will retail at no more than Frw 1,808 per litre, up from Frw 1,757.

RURA explained that the adjustments were necessary in response to rising international petroleum prices. The regulator emphasised that the Government of Rwanda continues to implement measures to mitigate the impact on consumers.

“In response to rising pump prices influenced by global trends, the Government of Rwanda has continued to strengthen fuel reserves and prudent macroeconomic management to protect consumers and maintain market stability,” RURA Director General Evariste Rugigana stated.

The new price caps will remain in effect until the next scheduled review in two months.

The maximum retail price for gasoline (petrol) has been set at Frw 1,862 per litre, up from Frw 1,803, while diesel will retail at no more than Frw 1,808 per litre, up from Frw 1,757.

IGIHE

The milestone event drew more than 30 influential figures from around the globe, who joined Rwandans in honouring the country’s conservation achievements. First Lady Jeannette Kagame was among the high-ranking officials who attended the ceremony, which was presided over by Prime Minister Justin Nsengiyumva.

American film director Michael Bay, Arsenal legend Bacary Sagna, actress Michelle Yeoh Todt, former FIA President Jean Todt, PSG legend Javier Pastore, Nigerian Afropop star Yemi Alade, and leaders from global conservation organisations were among the distinguished participants who named the young gorillas.

The milestone event drew more than 30 influential figures from around the globe.

Bay named one baby gorilla Umurage, meaning 'heritage,' while Alade named hers Kundwa, meaning 'loved.'

'As a movie director, I am going to make him a famous gorilla movie star,” Bay remarked.

Reflecting on the moment, Alade said:

“As the first daughter of her mother, I know the responsibility of this role. It cannot be replaced because there is only one first daughter. The minute I laid my eyes on beautiful Kundwa, it was love at first sight. I feel grateful to the guides and trackers who spent hours locating the gorilla family. Their dedication allowed us to be welcomed into this family, and I love my baby Kundwa.”

Yemi Alade named her baby gorilla Kundwa, meaning 'loved.'

The ceremony, held at the foothills of Volcanoes National Park in Kinigi, Musanze District, came alive with traditional dances and vibrant attire, as the namers dressed in dark green blended with other colourful hues, celebrated alongside the locals.

Among the other prominent 'namers' were Princess Ingeborg Zu Schleswig-Holstein, Prince Tunku Ali Redhauddin ibni Tuanku Muhriz, Professor Senait Fisseha, Sang-Hyup Kim, David S. Marriott, Dr Yin Ye, Charlie and Caroline Mayhew, Claver Ntoyinkima, Matthew Harris, Jeanine Rema (Khadja Nin), Mathieu Flamini, Laura Kabasomi Kakoma ('Somi’), Reed Oppenheimer, Athanasie Mukabizimungu, Dr Edward Hult, Suzanne Sinegal, Gagan Gupta, Camille Rebelo, Luis Garcia, Xi Zhinong, Lee Ehmke, Susan Chin, Ruth Fisher, Vivien Ressler, and Jean de Dieu Niyonzima.

Bay named one baby gorilla Umurage, meaning 'heritage'.

Virtual participants included TikTok sensation Khaby Lame and a team of rangers and researchers from the Volcanoes National Park and the Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund.

In his address, Prime Minister Justin Nsengiyumva highlighted the global significance of the event:

“Today, we celebrate not only the naming of baby gorillas but also conservation, communities, and the extraordinary power of nature to unite people from all corners of the world… Thanks to the leadership of Rwanda, the dedication of conservationists, and the commitment of our communities, mountain gorillas have come back from the brink. Today, there are over a thousand mountain gorillas worldwide, including more than 600 in the Virunga Massif.”

The Prime Minister also affirmed a bold plan to expand Volcanoes National Park by nearly 25%.

The Prime Minister also affirmed a bold plan to expand Volcanoes National Park by nearly 25%, ensuring future generations of gorillas have secure habitats while simultaneously improving local livelihoods.

Rwanda Development Board (RDB) CEO Jean-Guy Afrika described Kwita Izina as a symbol of the country’s dedication to protecting its natural heritage and uplifting communities.

“This year, we celebrate 40 baby gorillas, bringing the total named since 2005 to 438. Kwita Izina is more than a ceremony—it is a global movement that combines conservation, community empowerment, and tourism, which in 2024 generated $647 million, with gorilla tourism alone contributing over $200 million.”

RDB CEO Jean-Guy Afrika described Kwita Izina as a symbol of the country’s dedication to protecting its natural heritage and uplifting communities.

“Over 1,200 projects were supported, including schools, health centres, markets, homes and agricultural hubs across the country,” he added.

He added that Rwanda’s conservation achievements extend beyond gorillas, noting the reintroduction of lions and rhinos to Akagera National Park and the 2025 translocation of 70 white rhinos—the world’s largest such effort.

Kinigi came alive with traditional dances and vibrant attire, as the namers dressed in dark green blended with other colourful hues, celebrated alongside the locals.

Governor of the Northern Province Maurice Mugabowagahunde welcomed participants and thanked the Head of State for safeguarding Volcanoes National Park. He noted that communities surrounding the park had benefited from over 695 projects funded through the tourism revenue-sharing program, with investments exceeding Frw 6 billion across 12 sectors.

“Residents appreciate the important project to expand Volcanoes National Park, which we believe will further boost tourism. Hosting the Kwita Izina ceremony here in the Northern Province is a great source of pride for our region,” he said.

First Lady Jeannette Kagame was among the high-ranking officials who attended the ceremony, which was presided over by Prime Minister Justin Nsengiyumva.

The milestone event drew more than 30 influential figures from around the globe, who joined Rwandans in honouring the country’s conservation achievements.

Wycliffe Nyamasege

Prime Minister Justin Nsengiyumva, speaking at the event in the foothills of the park in Kinigi, Musanze District, highlighted the ambitious plan, emphasising that it will not only safeguard the critically endangered mountain gorillas but also uplift surrounding communities.

The ceremony, which named 40 baby gorillas, bringing the total to 438 since 2005, served as a vibrant backdrop to Rwanda’s conservation vision. Dozens of high-profile individuals from various fields, including conservation, attended the naming ceremony.

Prime Minister Justin Nsengiyumva highlighted that the expansion will not only safeguard the critically endangered mountain gorillas but also uplift surrounding communities.

'Rwanda is honoured to be the custodian of these last mountain gorillas, which are not only a global treasure but also a source of pride and economic opportunity for our nation,' Prime Minister Nsengiyumva declared.

'But success brings new challenges. As the gorilla families grow, we must expand their habitat,' he added.

The government plans to increase the park’s size from its current 160 square kilometres by approximately 37.4 square kilometres (3,740 hectares), a move expected to support a 15-20% increase in the gorilla population and reduce infant mortality by 50%.

The 20th anniversary celebrations for Kwita Izina drew more than 30 influential figures from around the globe, who joined Rwandans in honouring the country’s conservation achievements.

This expansion, supported by partnerships with organisations like the African Wildlife Foundation and the World Bank through its Volcanoes Community Resilience Project (VCRP), aims to reduce rising conflicts between gorilla groups caused by limited space, which can sometimes result in the death of young gorillas.

PM Nsengiyumva framed the expansion as a testament to Rwanda’s model of community-centred conservation, which has helped the mountain gorilla population in the Virunga Massif grow.

“The story of the mountain gorillas has not always been one of celebration. Years ago, their population had alarmingly decreased, and their survival seemed uncertain. Today, we are over a thousand mountain gorillas worldwide, including more than 600 in the Virunga Massif,” he stated.

The Prime Minister called on the international community to join Rwanda in this ambitious project, emphasising the shared responsibility to protect biodiversity.

'When we stand united, no mountain is too high to climb,' he said, drawing a parallel between the gorillas’ perseverance and humanity’s challenges.

Jean-Guy Afrika, CEO of the Rwanda Development Board (RDB), echoed the Prime Minister’s commitment, emphasising Rwanda’s conservation achievements and their economic impact.

'In 2024, the sector generated 647 million dollars, with gorilla tourism alone contributing over 200 million dollars,' Afrika noted.

RDB CEO Jean-Guy Afrika described Kwita Izina as a symbol of the country’s dedication to protecting its natural heritage and uplifting communities.

He credited Rwanda’s robust legal and policy framework, including biodiversity laws and a tourism revenue-sharing program that allocates 10% of park revenues to local development, for transforming communities.

'Over 1,200 projects were supported, including schools, health centres, markets, homes, and agricultural hubs,' he said, underscoring the synergy between conservation and community empowerment.

The expansion at Volcanoes National Park will include a buffer zone to minimise human-wildlife conflict, with over 3,400 resettled families gaining access to better housing, social infrastructure, and eco-tourism opportunities, creating an estimated 17,000 new jobs.

The government plans to increase the park’s size from its current 160 square kilometres by approximately 37.4 square kilometres (3,740 hectares), a move expected to support a 15-20% increase in the gorilla population and reduce infant mortality by 50%.

Rwanda on Friday, September 5, celebrated the 20th anniversary of Kwita Izina, its flagship gorilla-naming ceremony, while affirming plans to expand Volcanoes National Park by nearly 25 per cent, ensuring a secure future for its growing mountain gorilla population.

First Lady Jeannette Kagame was among the high-ranking officials who attended the ceremony, which was presided over by Prime Minister Justin Nsengiyumva.

Wycliffe Nyamasege

Standing on the rostrum of Tian’anmen, Xi delivered a speech marking the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. He called on nations across the world to eliminate the root cause of war and prevent historical tragedies from recurring.

Xi said common security can only be safeguarded when nations across the world treat each other as equals, live in harmony, and mutually support one another.

For Xi, this solemn observance is more than a tribute to history; it signals a vision for the future, where humanity can peacefully share a more just, equitable and prosperous world.

WORLD NEEDS JUSTICE

Ahead of the ceremony, Xi and world leaders stepped onto the Tian’anmen rostrum, shaking hands with Chinese war veterans in turn. Moments later, under Xi’s gaze, PLA troops in various formations marched through this vast square.

That same gaze was present in past May, when he watched PLA troops march across Moscow’s Red Square during commemorations of the 80th anniversary of the Soviet Union’s Great Patriotic War. Shortly after, Xi joined Russian President Vladimir Putin and other leaders to lay red flowers at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier by the Kremlin Wall, pausing in silence for those who died in the fight against fascism.

Ahead of the trip, Xi published a signed article in the Russian Gazette newspaper — “Learning from History to Build Together a Brighter Future.” He wrote: “The world needs justice, not hegemonism.”

His appeal has roots in history. In 2017, during a visit to the Memorial of the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China in Shanghai, Xi lingered before three images capturing China’s suffering more than a century ago: a late-Qing-dynasty cartoon showing foreign powers carving up China, a chart of the crippling indemnities China was forced to pay, and Karl Marx’s sharp critique of then China’s isolationist complacency.

“How much humiliation. How much disgrace. China back then was a fat sheep awaiting slaughter,” Xi said.

The end of the World Anti-Fascist War, or WWII, set the stage for a rebirth of the international order. From the ruins emerged the United Nations in 1945, with its Charter enshrining sovereign equality, non-interference and the peaceful settlement of disputes — a landmark break from centuries of the law of the jungle where “might is right.”

As this year marks the 80th anniversary of the United Nations, Xi has urged revitalizing the world body under the new circumstances, enabling it to serve as the primary platform for countries to coordinate actions and jointly address challenges.

His message also reflects some acute present challenges facing the world order today. As Xi has observed, unilateralism, hegemonism, as well as bullying and coercive practices are severely undermining peace, justice and equality in the world.

Fighting poverty has always been a central focus of Xi’s work for more than 40 years, over the course of his career from county and city posts to provincial and national leadership.

Xi offered his explicit perspective. “The strong should not bully the weak,” he said. “Decisions should not be made by simply showing off strong muscles or waving a big fist. Selective multilateralism should not be our option.”

Under Xi’s leadership, China has stepped up global peace efforts by following true multilateralism — taking part in UN peacekeeping missions, advancing the Shanghai Cooperation Organization’s anti-extremism convention, mediating Saudi-Iran reconciliation, supporting the establishment of the “Friends for Peace” Group on the Ukraine Crisis, and co-founding the International Organization for Mediation in Hong Kong with 32 nations.

“China will never seek hegemony, nor does it believe in a zero-sum,” Xi has vowed. “Such notions have never been part of China’s cultural DNA, nor is there any such ambition.”

Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva once remarked on Xi’s strong sense of justice.

He told Xi: “you have been an inspiration for the profound changes humanity must pursue — to speak more of peace than of war, to cooperate more than compete, and to create more than destroy.”

NO ONE LEFT BEHIND

It is Xi’s conviction that “only when countries develop together can there be true development.”

Last year in Rio de Janeiro, Xi joined world leaders at the G20 summit, whose theme — “Building a Just World and a Sustainable Planet” — sought to confront the persistent inequalities in global development.

Back in 2016, Xi chaired the G20 summit in Hangzhou. The summit for the first time in history placed development at the center of the group’s macroeconomic policy coordination.

Sharing development experience, Xi told his colleagues in Rio that “China’s story is proof that developing countries can eliminate poverty.”

In 2020, Xi has led China, the world’s largest developing country, in eliminating absolute poverty, a full decade ahead of the UN 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda’s timeline.

“If China can make it, other developing countries can make it too,” Xi said.

Fighting poverty has always been a central focus of Xi’s work for more than 40 years, over the course of his career from county and city posts to provincial and national leadership. “I have devoted most of my energy to it,” he once said.

Xi championed several initiatives to end poverty, including Juncao technology — a grass used to cultivate edible mushrooms, feed livestock, and prevent soil erosion. Starting from the days Xi was a provincial official, he has begun to promote the technology to countries across the South Pacific, Africa and South America.

Part of this unprecedented journey is documented in “Up and Out of Poverty,” a collection of Xi’s speeches, articles and interviews from 1988 to 1990 during his tenure in Ningde city, China’s southeastern Fujian Province.

In 2023, the Uzbek-language edition of the book was published, with Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev writing a foreword entitled “A True Chinese Miracle.”

With a clear-eyed understanding of the world’s predicaments, Xi has traced the turbulence in economic globalization to a major source: the lack of inclusive growth. To characterize the contradictions of today’s world, he quoted Charles Dickens, “It was the best of times; it was the worst of times.”

In recent years, economic globalization has encountered setbacks, with the gap between the Global North and South and the technological divide becoming more pronounced. The gap between rich and poor is widening rather than receding, and 60 percent of people in the world have grown poorer, equating to almost 5 billion people, according to a research paper from Oxfam, the UK-based charity, released last year.

“Development,” Xi once said, “is an inalienable right of all countries, not a privilege reserved for a few.” This explains why Xi has pushed for universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization.

Months after taking over Chinese presidency in 2013, Xi travelled halfway across the world and paid a state visit to Costa Rica. During the trip, he chose a coffee farm as one of his stops. Sipping a freshly brewed cup, he said: “Seems to me, there’s room to export more coffee to China.”

The remark foreshadowed a broader pledge. China will keep its doors open and share the dividends of growth, Xi vowed. “Welcome aboard the fast train of China’s development,” he stated on several occasions.

Also in 2013, Xi unveiled his signature Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). More than a decade on, the results are tangible. Freight trains now thunder between Chinese cities and European capitals. Kenya’s modern railways and revitalized ports are remaking the East African landscape.

On top of deepening economic linkages, Xi promotes a governance model that breaks with what he views as an outdated relic of colonialism, the Wall Street Journal once commented.

Xi has consistently argued that development holds the master key to achieving that goal — a conviction shaped by his own life experiences. In the late 1960s, as one of China’s “educated youth” sent to the countryside, Xi lived among struggling villagers in northwestern Chinese Shaanxi province.

“One thing I wished most all the time,” he recalled decades later in a speech in the U.S. city of Seattle, “was to make it possible for the villagers to eat meat to their heart’s content.”

Today, Xi is leading China on the path towards modernization. As a leader with a global vision, he also hopes that China can walk the path of modernization with all countries.

“On the road to the wellbeing of all mankind, no country or nation should be left behind,” Xi said.

EQUITABLE ORDER

At the just concluded SCO summit in Tianjin, Xi put forward the Global Governance Initiative.

The aim of proposing the initiative is to “work together with all like-minded countries to resolutely safeguard the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and build a more just and equitable global governance system,” he explained.

Xi’s proposing the initiative stands as a reflection of Xi’s sharp perception of the profound transformations that are reshaping the global landscape.

“The collective rise of the Global South,” Xi observed, “is a distinctive feature of the great transformation across the world.” He has pledged that China will always keep the Global South in its heart, and maintain its roots in the Global South.

In April 2015, the Indonesian city of Bandung — once called the “Paris of Java” — witnessed a moment where the past and present converged.

From the 19th-century Savoy Homann Hotel, leaders of nearly 100 nations set out toward the Independence Building, retracing the footsteps of a generation that had defied colonial domination six decades earlier.

At the head of the procession walked Xi and then Indonesian President Joko Widodo. It was a living echo of the 1955 Bandung Conference, the first meeting of Asian and African nations free of colonial powers, now hailed as a landmark event in the rise of the Global South.

Through perseverance and huge sacrifice, emerging markets and developing countries have succeeded in gaining independence and shaking off the yoke of colonialism. These nations have been seeking development paths tailored to their own national circumstances rather than following models imposed by the outside. “Everything we do is to deliver better lives to our people,” Xi once said.

Driven by Xi’s global vision, the legacy born in Bandung is quickly becoming a reality, where developing nations speak not as isolated voices but as a united force.

The historic expansion of BRICS and the creation of forums linking China with Africa, Latin America, the Arab world and ASEAN all bear Xi’s imprint, offering the Global South channels to coordinate and amplify their say in global affairs.

In April 2025, during a visit to the BRICS New Development Bank in the China’s financial hub Shanghai — the first multilateral bank initiated and led by developing nations — Xi called it a pioneering effort for the Global South to join forces in improving global governance.

The origins of his vision can be traced back to Xi’s youth. He pored over The Communist Manifesto, Das Kapital and other Marxist classics, laying the intellectual foundation for what he later described as his abiding belief: “Marxism is broad and profound; ultimately, it is about seeking liberation for humanity.”

Decades on, as humanity is facing changes rarely seen in a century, Xi keeps pondering on the world: “What has happened to the world and how should we respond?”

Xi first proposed building a community with a shared future for humanity in Moscow during his inaugural overseas visit as Chinese president. Two years later, on the stage of the UN headquarters in New York, Xi elaborated his thoughts on building such a community that involves partnerships, security, development, civilization and ecological cooperation.

Xi’s vision of building a community with a shared future reminded Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim of an aphorism from the renowned ancient Chinese philosopher Confucius.

“Si Hai Zhi Nei Jie Xiong Di — within the four seas, all men are brothers,” Anwar uttered the maxim in Chinese during his reception held for Xi in Putrajaya this April.

“President Xi is known as a capable political leader, as an economist, but more so and prouder profoundly, a great human being with strong, clear vision and understanding civilizational of values,” he said.

Over the years 2021 to 2023, Xi launched the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative. Along with the Global Governance Initiative, these proposals are designed to enhance and improve the present international system.

Tajik President Emomali Rahmon has said that Xi is a great leader with profound historical insight and a broad global vision. He said, “The many global initiatives he has proposed are conducive to advancing peace and progress for humanity.”

Fighting poverty has always been a central focus of Xi’s work for more than 40 years, over the course of his career from county and city posts to provincial and national leadership.

Xinhua

Speaking at the Aviation Africa Summit and Exhibition in Kigali on Thursday, September 4, 2025, Makolo emphasised that despite progress under the Single African Air Transport Market (SAATM), market access remains uneven across the continent.

'Even with countries that are signatories to SAATM, we still face challenges gaining access to some points, which is frustrating,' she said.

Makolo also highlighted the airline’s ongoing fleet expansion, noting the addition of two Boeing 737-800 aircraft and an expected Airbus A330 by the end of the year.

'Availability of aircraft, spare parts, and engines is increasingly tough, especially for smaller carriers competing against larger airlines,' she said.

The RwandAir CEO also spoke about the airline’s preparation for the upcoming Bugesera International Airport, expected to be completed in 2028 at an estimated cost of around $2 billion.

'We are looking as an airline to grow. We have the new airport that’s coming up in the next two and a half years. And in order to grow, we need to make sure we’re ready for that growth,' she said.

The first phase of the new Bugesera International Airport is planned to handle 7 million passengers annually. A subsequent second phase will expand the airport’s capacity to handle 14 million passengers per year.

Makolo noted the importance of partnerships in expanding the airline’s reach. RwandAir has extended codeshare agreements with Qatar Airways and Ethiopian Airlines, giving it access to more than 100 additional destinations.

'For African airlines, it’s important to partner both internationally and within the continent to achieve the scale needed,' she added.

Protectionism remains a major barrier to continental connectivity. Makolo cited excessive fees and restrictive practices in some countries as obstacles to growth.

“We need to get to a level where we understand the importance of aviation. It’s not for rich people. It’s for all citizens of our continent. Given the vastness of this continent, we need aviation to connect with each other,” the RwandAir CEO stated.

Charles Habonimana, Managing Director of Rwanda Airports Company, emphasised the necessity for structural reforms within African aviation to enhance its efficiency and competitiveness.

He advocated for modernising airport infrastructure, privatising operations, and liberalising airspace.

He further underscored the need for airspace liberalisation through the Single African Air Transport Market (SAATM), noting, 'SAATM is a vision for Africa to open up our skies, but we face challenges like protectionism.' These reforms, he argued, are critical to reducing high airfares and improving connectivity across the continent.

Additionally, Habonimana highlighted the challenges in financing aviation development, pointing out that governments struggle to prioritise airport projects amid competing demands.

'Each government goes with like 20 files [to development partners like the World Bank or African Development Bank]—healthcare, agriculture, now today what is trending is the environment protection. So you can imagine then bringing eight files of one government, and we’re 54 governments. Adding airport development, airport maintenance or airport upgrade, that would never be a priority for those development partners,” he explained.

He proposed a dedicated African aviation fund to address this issue, ensuring resources for infrastructure upgrades. Workforce development is another critical focus for Rwanda. Habonimana detailed the establishment of a civil aviation training centre in Kigali, supported by the African Development Bank, to prepare young people for aviation careers and develop skills tailored to the African context.

'That’s why we have established a centre, a civil aviation training centre based here in Kigali in the aviation authority, training young people to come into this industry, but also for the future transformation,” he stated.

He emphasised the need to train 15,000 pilots and 20,000 engineers by 2040 to support Africa’s projected passenger growth, noting, 'With this number of 15,000 pilots and 20,000 engineers, all of them need other support people in this industry, which means we need to invest more in human capital on the continent.'

Wycliffe Nyamasege

However, Rwanda’s exports declined by 2.95% in July 2025 compared to June, and by 55.11% year-on-year. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) remained the leading export destination, accounting for $38.65 million or 35.3% of total exports.

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) ranked second with imports worth $34.68 million (31.67%), followed by China, which imported goods valued at $1.36 million (11.29%).

Imports into Rwanda also fell, dropping by 10.75% in July 2025 compared to June, and by 32.2% year-on-year. China was the country’s largest source of imports, supplying goods worth $95.94 million (23.23%).

Tanzania followed with $46.9 million (11.36%), while Kenya supplied $35.94 million (8.7%).

The UAE accounted for $35.73 million or 8.65% of Rwanda’s imports in July, while imports from India were valued at $25.29 million, representing 6.12% of the total.

Rwanda’s trade deficit decreased by 17.11% in July 2025 compared to July 2024, according to the latest figures from the National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR).

IGIHE